This Daily Activity Can Slow Neurodegeneration — Here’s How
When most people think of exercise, they picture stronger muscles, a healthier heart, or maybe a better night’s sleep. But science continues to show that movement is just as critical for the brain.
In fact, a new study suggests that regular physical activity may actually slow neurodegeneration, the gradual loss of brain cells and connections that underlie conditions like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s, and even normal aging.
How exercise shapes the brain
The study, published in Neurology, tracked patients with early Parkinson’s disease using detailed MRI scans and physical activity logs. Participants reported their exercise levels over the four-year period, and researchers measured changes in brain structure and cognitive function.
Here’s what they found:
- People who exercised regularly showed slower thinning of the cortex—the outer layer of the brain responsible for higher-order functions like memory, attention, and problem-solving.
- Physical activity was linked to less volume loss in the hippocampus and amygdala, two regions that govern memory and emotion.
- These structural differences translated into a slower decline in memory and attention performance over time.
Importantly, exercise wasn’t just easing daily symptoms. It appeared to alter the underlying disease trajectory, slowing the biological processes that drive neurodegeneration.
Beyond Parkinson’s
Although this study focused on people with Parkinson’s, the message carries much further. The same brain regions that exercise appeared to protect (the hippocampus and cortex) are also the areas most vulnerable to Alzheimer’s and age-related memory loss.
In fact, research in otherwise healthy adults shows a similar pattern: people who move regularly tend to have larger hippocampal volume1, sharper memory, and a lower risk of developing dementia. It’s a reminder that exercise isn’t just about staying fit or maintaining muscle. It’s one of the most powerful, accessible tools we have for safeguarding long-term brain health.
Protect your brain with movement
The good news: you don’t need to be an endurance athlete to see the benefits. The research measured overall physical activity levels—things like walking, gardening, swimming, or cycling—not just intense workouts. Here are some practical ways to apply the findings:
- Aim for consistency, not perfection. Even moderate activity most days of the week can help protect the brain over time. Think brisk walks, bike rides, or dancing.
- Mix aerobic and strength training. Cardio supports blood flow to the brain, while resistance training helps regulate hormones and reduce inflammation—both key for cognition.
- Incorporate activities you enjoy. People are more likely to stick with exercise routines that feel fun, whether that’s tennis, pickleball, or hiking.
- Move throughout the day. Short bouts of activity (“exercise snacks”) add up. Stand, stretch, or walk every hour to keep your brain and body engaged.
The takeaway
Regular movement is medicine for the brain. For people with Parkinson’s, it may slow the disease itself. For the rest of us, it’s a reminder that exercise can preserve memory, focus, and emotional resilience as we age.
So the next time you head out for a walk or unroll your yoga mat, know that you’re not just working out—you’re actively investing in your brain health.
